The equivalent of an AK-47 for sniper rifles doesn’t exist. The question itself cannot be answered adequately due to how it is worded. Since the AK-47 is not a sniper rifle, there is no equivalent. Some others have tried to answer your question by showing you other (apparently) sniper rifles; they are not equivalent to an AK-47 sniper rifle since the AK-47 is not a sniper rifle.
AK-47
The AK-47 is known for its ability to function reliably under adverse conditions with little maintenance. Due to the way it is manufactured, parts are (for the most part) interchangeable between weapons. That is, parts from one AK-47 can be used in another. However, with an effective range of only 380 yards (350 meters), an AK-47 can hardly be considered a sniper rifle or used as one.
The effective range of a typical purpose-built sniper rifle will be in the 800 to 1000 meter range (875 to 1094 yards). There is no comparison between the modern sniper rifle and an AK-47, with the effective range of the modern sniper rifle being 3-times that of the AK-47. One of the advantages of the AK-47 is its ability to put a lot of bullets down. At the same time, an adequately equipped sniper would eliminate the person with the AK-47 with one bullet way before the AK-47 was in range or close enough to the target to hit it. The simple answer is there is no equivalent.
AK-47 vs. Dragunov SVD
But if the question refers to a sniper rifle that has status as the AK-47 in the world of assault rifles, then the answer should be an SVD Dragunov. There is no “best” AK-47 or sniper rifle. But, same as the AK, SVD Dragunov is known for being an incredibly reliable platform in almost any condition you put it in. It’s hard to go wrong with any Kalashnikov-type rifle. As for sniper rifles, it depends on what you want to do with them.
The SVD Dragunov is a cheap and durable rifle widely used worldwide in various conflicts, and it also has a cult status as its counterpart among assault rifles (AK-47).
I tried to explain to some coworkers the difference in skillset between combat infantry and c.a.g. what’s your professional opinion?
Depends on what C.A.G. stands for… If it refers to Combat Applications Group or Delta Force, the difference is huge. Because they are the most skilled warriors on the planet, and it is quite different than regular Army infantry. The difference is in their mission, training, gear…